Glucose biosensors or "continuous glucose monitors (CGMs)" that would continuously monitor blood sugar levels (from the interstitial fluid) have advanced diabetes management beyond that afforded by conventional finger prick tests. However, on-the-market CGMs have a high user burden associated with their limited lifetime and the need for a transcutaneous design to enable frequent exchanges. The lifetime of current and emergent CGMs are limited by “biofouling” – surface adsorption of proteins and cells (part of the foreign body response) - which quickly blocks glucose diffusion.
What we are doing
We are developing a “self-cleaning membrane” using thermoresponsive hydrogels that undergo cyclical and subtle deswelling/reswelling to “clean off” proteins and cells in order to maintain glucose diffusion and extend biosensor lifetime.
Publications on this research
A comb architecture to control the selective diffusivity of a double network hydrogel
Dong, P.; Schott, B.J.; Means, A.K.; Grunlan, M.A. “A comb architecture to control the selective diffusivity of a double network hydrogel,” ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2020, 2, 5269–5277
View the ArticleA self-cleaning, mechanically robust membrane for minimizing the foreign body reaction: towards extending the lifetime of sub-Q glucose biosensors
Means, A.K.; Dong, P.; Clubb, Jr, F.J.; Friedemann, M.C.; Colvin, L.E.; Shrode, C.A.; Coté, G.L; Grunlan, M.A. “A self-cleaning, mechanically robust membrane for minimizing the foreign body reaction: towards extending the lifetime of sub-Q glucose biosensors,” J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 2019, 30, 79.
View the ArticleA layer-by-layer (LbL) approach to retain an optical glucose sensing assay within the cavity of a hydrogel membrane
Locke, A.K.; Means, A.K.; Dong, P.; Nichols, T.J.; Coté, G.L.; Grunlan, M.A. “A layer-by-layer (LbL) approach to retain an optical glucose sensing assay within the cavity of a hydrogel membrane,” ACS Applied Bio Mater., 2018, 1, 1319-1327.
View the ArticleForeign body reaction to a subcutaneously implanted self-cleaning, thermoresponsive hydrogel membrane for implanted glucose biosensors
Abraham, A.A.; Means, A.K.; Clubb, Jr, F.J.; Fei, R.; Locke, A.K.; Gacasan, E.G.; Coté, G.L; Grunlan, M.A. “Foreign body reaction to a subcutaneously implanted self-cleaning, thermoresponsive hydrogel membrane for implanted glucose biosensors,” ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng., 2018, 4, 4104-4111.
View the ArticleThermoresponsive double network hydrogels with exceptional mechanical properties
Means, A.K.; Ehrhardt, D.A.; Whitney, L.V.; Grunlan, M.A. “Thermoresponsive double network hydrogels with exceptional mechanical properties,” Macromol. Rapid Comm., 2017, 38, 1700351-1700357.
View the ArticleSelf-cleaning, thermoresponsive P(NIPAAm-co-AMPS) double network membranes for implanted glucose biosensors
Fei, R., Means, A.K., Abraham, A.A.; Locked, A.K.; Coté; G.L.; Grunlan, M.A.. “Self-cleaning, thermoresponsive P(NIPAAm-co-AMPS) double network membranes for implanted glucose biosensors,” Macromol. Mater. Eng., 2016, 301, 935-943.
View the ArticleThermoresponsive double network micropillared hydrogels for cell release
Fei, R.; Hou, H.; Munoz-Pinto, D.; Han, A.; Hahn, M.S.; Grunlan, M.A. “Thermoresponsive double network micropillared hydrogels for cell release,” Macromol. Biosci.; 2014, 14, 1346-1352.
A self-cleaning membrane to extend the lifetime of an implanted glucose biosensor
Abraham, A.A.; Fei, R.; Coté, G.L.; Grunlan, M.A. “A self-cleaning membrane to extend the lifetime of an implanted glucose biosensor,” ACS Appl. Mater. & Interfaces, 2013, 5, 12832-12838.
View the ArticleUltra strong thermoresponsive hydrogels
Fei, R.; George, J.T.; Means, A.K.; Grunlan, M.A. “Ultra strong thermoresponsive hydrogels,” Soft Matter. 2013, 9, 2912-2919.
View the ArticleThermoresponsive nanocomposite double network nanocomposite hydrogels
Fei, R.; George, J.T.; Park, J., Grunlan, M.A. “Thermoresponsive nanocomposite double network nanocomposite hydrogels,” Soft Matter 2012, 8, 481-487.
View the ArticleThermoresponsive nanocomposite hydrogels: Transparency, rapid deswelling and cell release
Hou, Y.; Fei, R.; Burkes, J.C.; Lee, S.D., Munoz-Pinto, D.; Hahn, M.S.; Grunlan, M.A. “Thermoresponsive nanocomposite hydrogels: Transparency, rapid deswelling and cell release,” J. Biomat. Tissue Eng. 2011, 1, 93-100.
View the ArticleOops! We could not locate your form.